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Style Guide for Research Papers: Abbreviations

This is the style guide for assignments in courses offered by the departments of Bible & Theology, Practical Theology, and Intercultural Studies

Documentation and Abbreviations

The SBL Handbook of Style offers two extensive lists of abbreviations for journals, series, and other standard reference works. The first abbreviation list is alphabetized by source (SBLHS 8.4.1) and the second by abbreviation (SBLHS 8.4.2). If the work cited is in these lists, you may use the standard abbreviation provided.

Note that both lists italicize abbreviations of journal titles and abbreviations based on book titles (e.g., JBL, COS), but do not italicize the abbreviations of book series (e.g., WGRW, JSOTSup) or abbreviations based on personal names (e.g., BAGD, BDB). If a work is not included in the abbreviation lists of SBLHS or some other authoritative resource (e.g., IATG, CAD), use complete titles throughout or include a list of additional abbreviations on a separate page at the beginning of the paper (after the title page and before the main text). A partial list of abbreviations is included at the end of this style guide.

Biblical Abbreviations

Abbreviations follow the format recommended by the Society of Biblical Literature

Old Testament
Name Abbreviation
Genesis Gen
Exodus Exod
Leviticus Lev
Numbers Num
Deuteronomy Deut
Joshua Josh
Judges Judg
Ruth Ruth
1-2 Samuel 1-2 Sam
1-2 Kings 1-2 Kgs
1-2 Chronicles 1-2 Chr
Ezra Ezra
Nehemiah Neh
Esther Esth
Job Job
Psalms Ps/Pss
Proverbs Prov
Ecclesiastes Eccl/Qoh
Song of Songs/Solomon Song/Cant
Isaiah Isa
Jeremiah Jer
Lamentations Lam
Ezekiel Ezek
Daniel Dan
Hosea Hos
Joel Joel
Amos Amos
Obadiah Obad
Jonah Jonah
Micah Mic
Nahum Nah
Habakkuk Hab
Zephaniah Zeph
Haggai Hag
Zechariah Zech
Malachi Mal
New Testament
Name Abbreviation
Matthew Matt
Mark Mark
Luke Luke
John John
Acts Acts
Romans Rom
1-2 Corinthians 1-2 Cor
Galatians Gal
Ephesians Eph
Philippians Phil
Colossians Col
1-2 Thessalonians 1-2 Thess
1-2 Timothy 1-2 Tim
Titus Titus
Philemon Phlm
Hebrews Heb
James Jas
1-2 Peter 1-2 Pet
1-3 John 1-3 John
Jude Jude
Revelation Rev

Abbreviations for Bible Versions

Amplified Bible AMP
American Standard Version ASV
Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (Hebrew Bible) BHS
Common English Bible CEB
Contemporary English Version CEV
Christian Standard Bible CSB
English Standard Version ESV
Good News Bible GNB
Holman Christian Standard Bbile HCSB
Jerusalem Bible JB
King James Version KJV
Living Bible LB
Lexham English Bible LEB
Septuagint (Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible) LXX
Modern Language Bible MLB
New Testament: A New Translation, James Moffatt MOFFATT
Message MSG
Masoretic Text MT
Nestle-Aland Greek New Testament, 28th Edition NA28
New American Bible, Revised Edition NASR
New American Standard Bible NASB
New American Version NAV
New Century Version NCV
New English Bible NET
New English Translation of the Septuagint NETS
New International Reader's Version NIrV
New International Version NIV
New Jerusalem Bible NJB
Tanakh: The Holy Scriptures: The New JPS Translation NJPS
New King James Version NKJV
New Living Translation NLT
New Revised Standard Version NRSV
New Testament in Modern English, J.B. Phillips PHILLIPS
Revised English Bible REB
Revised Standard Version RSV
Today's English Version (also known as Good News Bible) TEV
Today's Living Bible TLB
Today's New International Version TNIV
Vulgate VUL
World English Bible WEB
New Testament in Modern Speech, R. F. Weymouth WEYMOUTH
Young's Literal Translation YLT

Journal Abbreviations

The following is only a partial list of abbreviations for journals. See the SBL Handbook of Style for a more complete list.

African Journal of Evangelical Theology AJET
Asbury Theological Journal AsTJ
Asia Journal of Theology AJT
Asian Journal of Pentecostal Studies AJPS
Biblica Bib
Biblical Archaeology Review BAR
Biblical Theology Bulletin BTB
Bibliotheca Sacra BSas
Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research BASOR
Calvin Theological Journal CTJ
Catholic Biblical Quarterly CBQ
Church History CH
European Journal of Theology EuroJTh
Harvard Theological Review HTR
Hebrew Bible and Ancient Israel HeBAI
Horizons in Biblical Theology HBT
Interpretation: A Journal of Bible and Theology Int
Journal for the Study of the New Testament JSNT
Journal for the Study of the Old Testament JSOT
Journal of Biblical and Pneumatological Research JBPR
Journal of Biblical Literature JBL
Journal of Early Christian Studies JECS
Journal of Pentecostal Theology JPS
Journal of the Evangelical theological Society JETS
Journal fo the Jesus Movement in Its Jewish Setting JJMJS
Journal of Religious Ethics JORE
Near Eastern Archaeology NEA
New Testament Studies NTS
Novum Testamentum NovT
Pneuma: The Journal of the Society for Pentecostal Studies Pneuma
Scottish Journal of Theology SJT
Southern Baptist Journal of Theology SBJT
Southwestern Journal of Theology SWJT
Trinity Journal TJ
Westminster Theological Journal WTJ

Commentary Abbreviations

The following is only a partial list of abbreviations for commentaries. See the SBL Handbook of Style for a more complete list.

Abingdon New Testament Commentaries ANTC
Abingdon Old Testament Commentaries AOTC
Anchor Bible (or Anchor Yale Bible) AB (or AYBC)
Ancient Christian Commentary Series ACCS
Apollos Old Testament Commentary ApOTC
Augsburg Commentary on the New Testament ACNT
Baker Exegetical Commentary on the NT BECNT
Bible Knowledge Commentary BKC
Bible Speaks Today BST
Black's New Testament Commentaries BNTC
Brazos Theological Commentaries BTC
Eerdmans Critical Commentary ECC
Expositor's Bible Commentary (and revised version) EBC (or REBC)
Hermeneia Hermeneia
International Critical Commentary ICC
Interpretation: A Bible Commentary for Preaching and Teaching IBC
IVP New Testament Commentary IVPNTC
Keil and Delitzsch Commentary K&D
New American Commentary NAC
New Cambridge Bible Commentary NCBC
New Century Bible NCB
New International Biblical Commentary on the NT NIBCNT
New International Biblical Commentary on the OT NIBCOT
New International Commentary on the NT NICNT
New International Commentary on the OT NICOT
New International Greek Testament Commentary NIGTC
New Interpreter's Bible NIB
New Jerome Bible Commentary NJBC
New Testament Library NTL
NIV Application Commentary NIVAC
Old Testament Library OTL
Paideia Commentaries on the New Testament PCNT
Pillar New Testament Commentary PNTC
Socio-Rhetorical Commentary SRC
Tyndale New Testament Commentaries TNTC
Tyndale Old Testament Commentaries TOTC
Word Biblical Commentary WBC
Zondervan Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament ZECNT
Zondervan Exegetical Commentary on the Old Testament ZECOT
Zondervan Illustrated Bible Backgrounds Commentary ZIBBC

Publisher Abbreviations

The following is only a partial list of abbreviations for publishing houses. For a full explanation of the proper way to cite publishers, see the Society of Biblical Literature Handbook of Style, 2nd edition, section 6.1.4.

The left column in the following list includes the full publishing house names, followed in parentheses by the main city or cities where they are located. Cities in the list that are followed by their state abbreviation will require that state abbreviation in the footnotes and bibliography of your papers.

The right column in the following list shows how the publishers should be cited in the footnotes and bibliography. The city is always required, followed by a colon, followed by the standardized name of the publishing company. When citing a publishing house, only use the first city that is listed in title page or copyright page of the actual book you used. Do not include terms such as "Press," "Publisher," or "Publishing House" in your citations unless that part of the publisher's name is required to avoid ambiguity from similarly-named publishing houses. Note that publishers such as Eerdmans, InterVarsity, and de Gruyter follow particular standardized rules.

Abingdon (Nashville; New York)   Nashville: Abingdon
Apollos (Leicester) Leicester: Apollos
Augsburg (Minneapolis) Minneapolis: Augsburg
Augsburg Fortress (Minneapolis) Minneapolis: Augsburg Fortress
Baker Academic (Grand Rapids) Grand Rapids: Baker Academic
Baker Books (Grand Rapids) Grand Rapids: Baker Books
Baylor University Press (Waco, TX) Waco, TX: Baylor University Press
Bloomsbury (London; New Delhi; New York; Sydney) London: Bloomsbury
Brazos (Grand Rapids) Grand Rapids: Brazos
Brill (Leiden; Boston) Leiden: Brill
Cambridge University Press (Cambridge: New York) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Cascade (Eugene, OR) Eugene, OR: Cascade
Crossway (Wheaton, IL) Wheaton, IL: Crossway
de Gruyter (Berlin) Berlin: de Gruyter
Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft (Stuttgart) Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft
Doubleday (Garden City, NY; New York) New York: Doubleday
Eerdmans (Grand Rapids) Grand Rapids: Eerdmans
E. J. Brill (see Brill, above)
Fortress (Philadelphia) Philadelphia: Fortress
Harper & Row (New York; San Francisco) New York: Harper & Row
HarperCollins (New York: San Francisco) New York: HarperCollins
HarperOne (San Francisco) San Francisco: HarperOne
Harvard University Press (Cambridge) Cambridge: Harvard University Press
Hendrickson (Peabody, MA) Peabody, MA: Hendrickson
InterVarsity Press (Downers Grove, IL) Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity
Inter-Varsity Press (Leicester; London) London: Inter-Varsity
John Knox (Atlanta; Richmond, VA) Atlanta: John Knox
Kregel (Grand Rapids) Grand Rapids: Kregel
Mercer University Press (Macon, GA) Macon, GA: Mercer University Press
Mohr Siebeck (Tübingen) Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck
Nelson (Nashville; London) Nashville: Nelson
Orbis Books (Maryknoll, NY) Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books
Oxford University Press (Oxford; London; New York) Oxford: Oxford University Press
Paternoster (Exeter; Milton Keynes) Exeter: Paternoster
Paulist (New York: Mahwah, NJ) New York: Paulist
Peeters (Leuven) Leuven: Peeters
Penguin Books (Harmondsworth; London) London: Penguin Books
Pickwick (Pittsburgh; Eugene, OR) Pittsburgh: Pickwick
Prentice Hall (Englewood Cliffs, NJ; Upper Saddle River, NJ) Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall
Princeton University Press (Princeton) Princeton: Princeton University Press
Rowman & Littlefield (Lanham, MD) Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield
SBL Press (Atlanta) Atlanta: SBL Press
Scholars Press (Missoula, MT; Chico, CA; Atlanta) Atlanta: Scholars Press
SCM (London) London: SCM
Scribner’s Sons (New York) New York: Scribner's Sons
Sheffield Academic (Sheffield) Sheffield: Sheffield Academic
Sheffield Phoenix (Sheffield) Sheffield: Sheffield Phoenix
SIL International (Dallas) Dallas: SIL International
Smyth & Helwys (Macon, GA) Macon, GA: Smyth & Helwys
Society of Biblical Literature (Atlanta) Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature
Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge (see SPCK)
SPCK (London) London: SPCK
T&T Clark (Edinburgh; London; New York) New York: T&T Clark
Thomas Nelson (see Nelson, above)
Tyndale House (Carol Stream, IL) Carol Stream, IL: Tyndale House
Tyndale Press (London) London: Tyndale Press
United Bible Societies (London; New York; Stuttgart) New York: United Bible Societies
Walter de Gruyter (see de Gruyter)
Westminster (Philadelphia) Philadelphia: Westminster
Westminster John Knox (Louisville) Louisville: Westminster John Knox
Wiley & Sons (New York) New York: Wiley & Sons
Wiley-Blackwell (Malden, MA; Chichester) Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell
William B. Eerdmans (see Eerdmans, above)
Wm. B. Eerdmans (see Eerdmans, above)
Wipf & Stock (Eugene, OR) Eugene, OR: Wipf & Stock
Word (Waco, TX; Dallas; Nashville) Dallas: Word
Yale University Press (New Haven) New Haven: Yale University Press
Zondervan (Grand Rapids) Grand Rapids: Zondervan